Shoulder dislocation occurs when the ball and socket joint of the shoulder are separated. It can occur due to various reasons, such as a sudden blow or fall, overuse, or genetic predisposition. It is a common injury that can cause severe pain, stiffness, and weakness in the affected shoulder.

The most common type of shoulder dislocation is anterior dislocation, where the humeral head is displaced from the glenoid cavity in front of the shoulder blade. Posterior dislocation is less common, but it can also occur due to trauma or injury to the shoulder.

Immediate medical attention is necessary for shoulder dislocation as it can lead to complications such as nerve damage, torn ligaments, and recurrent dislocations. The doctor will typically perform a physical examination and may order an X-ray or MRI to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the injury.

Treatment for shoulder dislocation usually involves resetting the joint back into its socket, either manually or with the aid of medication. After resetting, the patient may be required to immobilize the shoulder joint using a sling or brace for a week or two to allow it to heal. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises are recommended to regain full range of motion and strength in the affected shoulder.

Minimising the chance of shoulder dislocation can be achieved by strengthening the muscles surrounding the shoulder. Using protective gear such as taping or bracing while participating in sports activities can also reduce the risk of injury.